The United States and Saudi Arabia have finalised a civilian nuclear agreement that has stirred debate over uranium enrichment and the kingdom's relations with Israel. According to the Times of India, the pact grants Saudi Arabia the right to enrich uranium domestically under US supervision, a move that diminishes Pakistan's nuclear dominance in the region. However, US President Donald Trump posted on Truth Social that the deal prohibits enrichment and requires Saudi normalisation with Israel. Middle East Eye reports that official statements from the US Department of Energy and the Saudi Press Agency made no mention of normalisation, and US officials said the issue was never raised during negotiations. The agreement also lacks a requirement for International Atomic Energy Agency monitoring, raising proliferation concerns. Saudi leaders have recently ruled out normalisation with Israel without progress on Palestinian statehood. The deal reflects a regional shift toward nuclear deterrence, with Saudi Arabia seeking to diversify its economy and counter Iran, while the US aims to keep Riyadh from turning to China or Russia for nuclear technology.